Reconstructing a RAID-6 Array without Controller Metadata
Problem#
Controller failure. No usable metadata. 24 SSD RAID-6 array with VMFS volume.
Constraints#
- No original controller (but same model available)
- RAID config: 23 active disks + 1 hot-spare
- No reliable config data
- High risk of data loss
Approach#
Treat the system as a black box:
- Clone all SSDs (time-consuming, but required to preserve state)
- Analyze stripe patterns and controller logs to identify the hot spare
- Attach cloned SSDs to a compatible controller (excluding the hot spare)
- Use controller reconstruction features where possible
- Manually reconstruct RAID geometry based on header analysis
Outcome#
- Array successfully reconstructed
- No significant data loss (VM fsck required)
Notes#
- Cloning before any attempt was critical to avoid irreversible damage
- Controller metadata is optional if underlying structure is understood
Key Insight#
Never trust the controller. Trust the data layout.